PATH - 365

Course no. - PATH - 365(New)                                                                          Credit - 3(2+1)

Course title - Diseases of Field and Horticultural crops and their management - II

Sr. No.	Crop name	Disease name	Causal agent	P. I	S. I
A)	Field crops
1.	Wheat	Rusts
		a. Black/stem rust	Puccinia graminis tritici	Urediospores present in plant debris	Teliospores through air
		b. Brown/leaf rust	Puccinia recondita
		c. Yellow/stripe rust	Puccinia striformis
		Loose smut	Ustilago nuda	Infected grains	Teliospores through wind
		Karnal bunt	Neovossia indica	Teliospoes in plant infected seeds	Air borne sporidia
		Powdery mildew	Bumeria graminis	Dormant mycelium in plant debris	Wind borne conidia
		Alternaria blight	Alternaria triticina	Infected seeds, plant debris	Wind borne conidia
		Ear cockle	Anguina tritici	Infected seeds	Irrigation water
		Leaf blotch	Septoria tritici	Plant debris	Air borne conidia
2.	Sugarcane	Red rot	Colletotrichum falcatum	Infected sets	Irrigation water
		Whip smut	Ustilago scitaminea	Sclerotia present in contaminated seeds	Wind / rain splash
		Wilt	Cephalosporium sacchari	Soil and infected sets	Wind, rain and irrigation water
		Grassy shoot	MLO/Phytoplasma	Infected setts	Vector - Aphid
		Ratoon stunting	Clavibacter xyli	Infected setts	Harvesting implements
		Pokka boeng	Fusarium moniliformae f. sp. xyli	Chlamydospores from infected plant debris	Ascospores through air
B)	Oil seed crops
3.	Sunflower	Sclerotinia stem rot	Sclerotium rolfsii	Sclerotia or plant debris	Irrigation water, farm implements
		Alternaria blight	Alternaria helianthi	Infected seeds, plant debris & weed hosts	Wind borne conidia

 

		Rust	Puccinia helianthi	Urediospores present in plant debris	Teliospores through air
		Downy mildew	Plasmopara halstidii	Oospores in soil	Wind borne sporangia and zoospores
		Mossaic	Sunflower mosaic virus	Virus particles in infected seeds	Vector -White fly (Bemissia tabaci)
		Necrosis	Sunflower necrosis virus/ Tobacco streak virus	Sap transmissible	Vector - Thrips (Thrips tabaci)
		Powdery mildew	Erysiphae cichoracearum	Ascospores in plant debris	Wind borne conidia
4.	Mustard	Alternaria blight	Alternaria brassicae	Infected plant debris	Air borne conidia
		White rust	Albugo candida	Oospores in plant debris	Zoospores & sporangia
		Downy mildew	Perenospora parasitica	Oospores in plant debris	Zoospores & sporangia
		Sclerotinia stem rot	Sclerotinia sclerotium	Sclerotial bodies as seed contaminants & in soil	Irrigation water & farm implements
C)	Pulses
5.	Gram	Wilt	Fusarim oxysporum f. sp.ciceri	Chlamydospores in soil	Irrigation water & farm implements
		Grey mould	Botrytis cinera	Sclerotial bodies as seed contaminants	Air borne spores
		Ascochyta blight	Ascochyta rabici	Pycnidia present in plant debris	Air borne conidia
		Stem rot or root rot	Rhizoctonia bataticola	Sclerotial bodies as seed contaminants & in soil	Irrigation water & farm implements
		Stunt disease	Chick pea stunt virus	Infected plants	Vector - Aphid (A.craccivora)
6.	Pea	Downy mildew	Perenospora vicae	Oospores in plant debris	Zoospores & sporangia
		Powdery mildew	Erysiphae pisi	Dormant mycelium & Pycnidia in infected plant debris	Wind borne conidia

 

		Rust	Uromyces rabae	Urediospores present in plant debris	Teliospores through air
		Wilt	Fusarium oxysporum f..sp pisi.	Chlamydospores in soil	Irrigation water & farm implements
7.	Lentil	Rust	Uromyces fabae	Urediospores present in plant debris	Teliospores through air
		Wilt	Fusarium oxysporum	Chlamydospores in soil	Irrigation water & farm implements
8.	Linseed	Rust	Melamspora lini	Urediospores present in plant debris	Teliospores through air
		Alternaria bud blight	Alternaria lini	Infected plant debris	Air borne conidia
		Powdery mildew	Oidium lini	Dormant mycelium & Pycnidia in infected plant debris	Wind borne conidia
		Cercospora leaf blight	Cercospora gossypina	Infected plant debris	Air borne conidia
		Alternaria leaf spot	Alternaria melamspora	Infected plant debris	Air borne conidia
		Verticilium wilt	Verticilium dahlae	Sclerotia & dormant mycelium	Air borne conidia
D)	Cash crop
9.	Cotton	Root rot	Rhizoctonia bataticola	Sclerotial bodies as seed contaminants & in soil	Irrigation water & farm implements
		Vascular wilt	Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum	Chlamydospores in soil	Irrigation water & farm implements
		Anthracnose	Colletotrichum capsici	Infected plant debris	Air borne conidia
		Black arm/Angular leaf spot	Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. malvacearum	Bacterial cells in infected seeds	Wind & rain splash
		Dahiya disease/ Grey mildew	Mycospharela areola	Infected plant debris	Air borne conidia
		Leaf curl	Cotton leaf curl virus	On alternate host	Vector - White fly (B. tabaci)

 

		2-4-D Injury	Post emergence application of 2, 4 -D herbicide	-	-
		Redening/lalya	Mg deficiency	-	-
		Rust	Phakospora gossypii	Urediospores present in plant debris	Teliospores through air
		Helminthosporium leaf spot	Helminthosporium gossypii	Infected seeds	Air borne conidia
		Boll rot	Fusarium moniliformae	Infected bolls	Rain        splashes, insects
		Leaf spot	Alternaria macrospora	Infected plant debris	Air borne conidia
E)	Horticultural crops
10.	Mango	Die back	Botrioshaeria rhodina	Infected plant debris	Air borne conidia
		Anthracnose	Colletotrichum gleosporioides	Infected plant debris	Air borne conidia
		Mango- malformation	Fusarium moniliformae	Chlamydospores in soil	Wind borne & Mite disseminated micro and macro conidia
		Bacterial blight	Pseudomonas syringae	Infected plant debris	Bacterial cells through rain splashes
		Powdery mildew	Oidium mangiferae	Dormant mycelium & Pycnidia in infected plant debris	Wind borne conidia
		Spongy tissue	Post harvest physiological disorder	-	-
		Red rust (algal disease)	Cephaleurus virescens	Algal filaments & sporangia in infected plant debris	Rain splash sporangia & zoospores
		Pink diseases	Corticum salmonicolor	Dormant mycelium in bark, stem	Conidia through rain splashes
		Loranthus or giant mistletoes	Loranthus sp.	Seeds disseminated by birds on the stem of host plant
		Stone graft mortality	Fusarium oxysporum	Chlamydospores in soil	Irrigation water & farm implements

 

		Lime induced chlorosis	Lime deficiency	-	-
		Sooty mould	Capnodium ramosums	Dormant mycelium in plant debris	Wind borne conidia
11.	Citrus	Gummosis	Phytopthora sp.(P.palmivora, P. citropthora, P. asiaticus, P. nicotianae, P. parasitica, P syringe )	Oospores & dormant mycelium in infected stem and plant parts	Sporangia & zoospores by rain splash and irrigation water
		Citrus canker	Xanthomonas oxanopodis pv. Citri	Bacterial cells in infected plant parts	Autonomous dispersal through infected seedlings
		Fruit rot	Alternaria citri	Infected plant debris	Air borne conidia
		Citrus greening	Liberibacter asiaticus	Bacterial cells through bud woods & grafts	Vector - Citrus Psylla (Diaphorina citri)
		Anthracnose	Colletotrichum gloeosporioides	Infected plant debris	Air borne conidia
		Tristeza	Citrus tristeza virus	Infected bud woods & grafts	Vector - Aphid (Toxoptera citricida)
		Citrus exocortis	Viroid (infectious entity smaller than virus, consist only nucleic acid without protein coat)	Infected bud woods & grafts	Vector - sap sucking insects
		Scab of citrus	Elsinoe fawceti	Infected plant parts	Rain splash & wind borne conidia
		Mottle leaf of citrus	Zinc deficiency	-	-
		Dry root rot	Fusarium solani	Chlamydospores in soil	Irrigation water & farm implements
12.	Grape vine	Downy mildew	Plasmopara viticola	Oospores in plant debris	Zoospores & sporangia
		Powdery mildew	Uncinula necator	Dormant mycelium & Pycnidia in infected plant	Wind borne conidia

 

				debris
		Anthracnose/ bird eye spot	Elsinoe ampelina	Infected plant debris	Air borne conidia
		Bacterial canker	Pseudomonas viticola	Bacterial cells in infected plant parts	Autonomous dispersal through infected seedlings
		Grapevine fan-leaf	Grapevine fan leaf virus	Virus present in planting materials	Vector - Nematode (Xiphenema index)
		Alternaria leaf spot	Alternaria vitis	Infected plant debris	Wind borne conidia
		Rust	Phakospora euvitis	Teliospores in plant debris, aeciospores on alternate host	Wind borne spores
13.	Peach	Leaf curl	Taphrina maculans	Infected plant debris	Wind borne conidia
14.	Apple	Scab	Venturia inaequalis	Ascospores in infected leaves	Wind borne conidia
		Powdery mildew	Podospharea leucotricha	Dormant mycelium & pycnidia in infected plant debris	Wind borne conidia
		Fire blight	Erwinia amylovora	Bacterial cells in buds and woody tissues	Vector- bees, flies and ants
		Crown gall	Agrobacterium tumefaciens	Bacteria enters through injury	Irrigation water, farm implements
		Mosaic	Apple mosaic virus
14.	Strawberr y	Leaf spot	Mycospharella fragriae	Infected plant debris	Air borne conidia
F)	Vegetables
15.	Potato	Early blight	Alternaria solani	Infected plant debris	Wind borne conidia
		Late blight	Phytopthora infestans	Oospores in soil	Wind borne sporangia & zoospores
		Black scurf/Stem canker	Rhizoctonia solani	Sclerotia present in soil	Mycelium through irrigation water & farm implements

 

		Leaf roll	Potato leaf roll virus	Virus particles in infected tubers	Vector - Aphid (Myzus persicae)
		Mosaic	Potato virus X & Y	Virus particles in infected tubers	Mechanically through farm implements
		Potato scab	Streptomyces scabies	Dormant mycelium in seed tubers & in soil	Rain splash & irrigation water
		Soft rot	Erwinia carotovaora	Bacterial cells in infected tubers	Irrigation water
		Brown rot	Ralstonia solanacearum	Bacterial cells in infected tubers	Irrigation water
		Potato spindle tuber	Viroid (pstvd)	Virus particles in infected tubers	Transmitted by pollen and beetles, bubs
		Black heart	Oxygen deficiency & High temp. during field and storage	-	-
16.	Cucurbits	Downy mildew	Pseudoperenospora cubensis	Oospores in soil	Wind borne sporangia and zoospores
		Powdery mildew	Erysiphae cichoracearum	Dormant mycelium & pycnidia in infected plant debris	Wind borne conidia
		Wilt	Fusarium oxysporium f.sp.cubens	Chlamydospores in soil	Irrigation water & farm implements
		Angular leaf spot	Pseudomonas syringae	Bacterial cells in infected seeds	Wind & rain splash
		Mosaic	Cucumber mosaic virus	Virus particles on weed & collateral hosts	Vector - Aphid (A. craccivora) & beetles
		Tospo	Tospo virus	On alternate host Watermelon, pumkin, cucumber	Vector - Thrips (Thrips tabaci)
		Cercospora leaf spot	Cercospora citrulina	Dormant mycelium in infected plant debris	Wind borne conidia
17.	Onion	Purple blotch	Alternaria porri	Infected plant debris	Air borne conidia
		Stemphylium	Stemphylium	Infected plant	Air borne conidia

 

		blight	vesicarium	debris
		Downy mildew	Perenospora destructor	Oospores in plant debris	Zoospores & sporangia
		Smut	Uromyces cepulae	Spore bolls in soil & seed bulbs	Wind & irrigation water
		Smudge	Colletotrichum cercinans	Infected plant debris	Air borne conidia
		Erwinia rot	Erwinia carotovara	Infected plant debris	Irrigation water, rain splash
18.	Garlic	Neck and bulb rot	Botritis alli	Sclerotial bodies as seed contaminants	Air borne spores
		Stemphylium blight	Stemphilium vesicolor	Infected plant debris	Air borne conidia
		Blemish
		Black mould	Aspergillus niger	Infected seed scales	Air, water borne conidia
19.	Chilli	Anthracnose and fruit rot	Colletotrichum capsici	Infected plant debris	Air borne conidia
		Wilt	Fusarium oxysporym	Chlamydospores in soil	Irrigation water & farm implements
		Leaf curl	Gemini virus	Infested plants & alternate hosts	Vector - White fly
		Powdery mildew	Levellula taurica	Dormant mycelium & pycnidia in infected plant debris	Wind borne conidia
		Damping off	Pythium aphanedermatum	Oospores in soil	Irrigation water & farm implements
		Wet rot	Choanophora cucurbitarum	Zoospores in seed & crop debris	Irrigation water
		Mosaic complex	CucumberMosaic Virus & Tobacco Mosaic Virus	Externally seed borne	Mechanically
		Cercospora leaf spot	Cercospora capsici	Dormant mycelium in plant parts	Wind borne conidia
		Bacterial leaf spot	X. compestris pv. versicola	Infested seeds	Rain splash
20.	Coriander	Stem gall	Protomyces macrosporus	Ascospores & Chlamydospores in soil	Irrigation water & farm implements
		Powdery mildew	Erysiphae polygoni	Dormant mycelium & Pycnidia in infected plant	Wind borne conidia

 

				debris
		Wilt	Fusarium oxysporum	Chlamydospores in soil	Irrigation water & farm implements
21.	Turmeric	Leaf spot	Colletotrichum capsici	Infected plant debris	Air borne conidia
G)	Ornamental crops
22.	Marigold	Botrytis blight	Botrytis cinera	Sclerotial bodies in soil	Irrigation water & farm implements
		Alternaria blight	Alternaria tagetica	Infected plant debris	Air borne conidia
		Powdery mildew	Levellula taurica	Dormant mycelium & pycnidia in infected plant debris	Wind borne conidia
23.	Rose	Dieback	Botryodoplodia theobromae	Pycnidia on diseased twigs	Wind borne conidia
		Powdery mildew	Sphacelotheca pannosa var. rosae	Dormant mycelium & Pycnidia in infected plant debris	Wind borne conidia
		Black leaf spot	Diplocarpon rosae	Infected plant debris	Air borne conidia
		Crown gall	Agrobacterium tumefaciens	Infected soil & plant debris	Irrigation water & Rain splashes
		Rust	Phragnidum mucronatum	Urediospores present in plant debris	Teliospores through air
		Alternaria leaf blight	Alternaria alternata	Infected plant debris	Air borne conidia